09/12/2007
The MOT, or Ministry of Transport test, is an annual check that ensures your vehicle meets road safety and environmental standards. It's a legal requirement for vehicles over three years old in the UK. Understanding what the test entails can help you avoid unexpected issues and keep your vehicle in tip-top condition.
What Does an MOT Test Cover?
An MOT test is a comprehensive examination of your vehicle's key components. It's not a check of the mechanical condition or a substitute for regular servicing, but rather a safety inspection. The primary areas assessed include:
1. Identity and Documentation
The vehicle's Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) will be checked against the registration certificate (V5C). The registration plate must also be correctly displayed and legible.
2. Body and Structure
This section checks for excessive corrosion or damage to the vehicle's bodywork that could compromise its structural integrity. This includes sills, wheel arches, and the chassis. Significant rust or holes in load-bearing areas will result in a failure.
3. Lighting Equipment
All lights, including headlights (dipped and main beam), taillights, brake lights, indicators, and hazard lights, are tested for functionality and correct operation. The aim is to ensure visibility and clear communication with other road users.
4. Steering and Suspension
Components like the steering wheel, steering column, power steering, and suspension arms are inspected for wear and tear, damage, or looseness. Any play in the steering or damaged suspension parts can affect handling and safety.
5. Wheels and Tyres
Tyres are checked for tread depth (minimum 1.6mm across the central three-quarters of the breadth), damage, cuts, bulges, and correct inflation. Wheels are inspected for damage or distortion. The correct type and size of tyres must be fitted.
6. Brakes
The braking system is a critical safety component. Testers will examine the brake pedal, brake fluid level, brake pipes, hoses, and the efficiency of the braking system itself using a roller brake tester. Worn brake pads, leaking fluid, or inefficient braking will lead to a fail.
7. Exhaust Emissions
Your vehicle's exhaust emissions are tested to ensure they meet legal standards. This is particularly important for diesel vehicles, which are checked for visible smoke. Catalytic converters are also inspected for presence and condition.
8. Fuel System
The fuel pipes and connections are checked for leaks or corrosion. The fuel cap must also be present and able to be secured.
9. Seats and Seatbelts
All seatbelts, including those in the rear, are checked for condition, operation, and any signs of wear or damage. Child seat anchor points are also inspected where applicable.
10. Windscreen and Wiper/Washer Equipment
The windscreen is checked for chips or cracks in the driver's field of vision (a patch over 10mm or multiple smaller chips can cause a failure). Wiper and washer systems must be in good working order to clear the windscreen effectively.
Common MOT Failure Points
Understanding common reasons for MOT failure can help you proactively address potential issues:
| Common Failure Area | Specific Issues |
|---|---|
| Tyres | Insufficient tread depth, cuts, bulges, incorrect fitment |
| Brakes | Worn pads/discs, low fluid, leaks, inefficient braking |
| Lights | Faulty bulbs, incorrect aim, damaged lenses |
| Suspension | Worn ball joints, damaged springs, excessive play |
| Bodywork | Significant corrosion in structural areas, sharp edges |
| Exhausts | Leaks, excessive noise, visible smoke (diesel) |
| Windscreen | Damage affecting driver's view |
Preparing Your Vehicle for its MOT
A little preparation can go a long way in ensuring your vehicle passes its MOT with flying colours. Here are some key things to check:
- Tyre Tread: Ensure all tyres have at least 1.6mm of tread. You can check this using a tread depth gauge or a 20p coin.
- Lights: Walk around your car and check that all lights are working correctly. Get a friend to help with brake lights.
- Wipers and Washers: Make sure your wipers clear the screen effectively and that the washer fluid sprays correctly.
- Horns: Test that the horn works and sounds as it should.
- Mirrors: Ensure your mirrors are secure, not cracked, and positioned correctly.
- Number Plates: Check that your number plates are clean, legible, and securely attached.
- Fluid Levels: While not a direct test failure, low levels of essential fluids like brake fluid can indicate potential issues.
- Bodywork: Look for any significant rust or damage, especially around structural points.
What Happens if Your Vehicle Fails?
If your vehicle fails its MOT, it can still be driven to a pre-arranged repair appointment. However, it must not be driven if it has a dangerous defect. You will receive a 'Refusal of an MOT Test Certificate' document detailing the reasons for the failure. You have 10 working days to have the necessary repairs carried out and then present the vehicle for a partial re-test. If you leave it longer, a full re-test will be required.
The MOT Certificate
If your vehicle passes, you'll receive an MOT certificate. This certificate is valid for 12 months. You can check your vehicle's MOT history online using your registration number. It’s important to keep your MOT certificate in a safe place, although it’s not a legal requirement to carry it with you.
When is Your MOT Due?
Your first MOT is generally due when your vehicle is three years old. After that, it needs to be tested annually. You can find out when your MOT is due by checking your vehicle registration document (V5C) or by using the government's online MOT checker. It's advisable to book your MOT a few weeks before it expires to allow time for any necessary repairs.
Frequently Asked Questions
Q1: Is an MOT the same as a service?
No, an MOT is a safety inspection, while a service is a routine maintenance check and replacement of wear-and-tear parts. It's recommended to service your vehicle regularly in addition to having an MOT.
Q2: Can I drive my car if it doesn't have a valid MOT?
You can only drive your car if you are on your way to a pre-booked MOT appointment. Driving without a valid MOT (unless on the way to a test) can result in a fine.
Q3: What are the most common reasons for failing an MOT?
The most common reasons for failure are typically related to tyres, brakes, lights, suspension, and windscreen condition.
Q4: How much does an MOT cost?
The maximum price for an MOT test is set by the government and varies depending on the type of vehicle. For cars, the maximum fee is currently £54.85.
Q5: Can I get an MOT done early?
Yes, you can get your MOT up to one month before your current certificate expires without affecting your renewal date.
Ensuring your vehicle is roadworthy and safe is paramount. By understanding the MOT test and performing regular checks, you can help guarantee a smooth and successful outcome, keeping you and others safe on the road. Safe driving!
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