13/05/2007
The annual MOT test is a mandatory requirement for most vehicles over three years old in the UK. It's designed to ensure your car meets road safety and environmental standards. Failing an MOT can be a frustrating and costly experience, often involving re-tests and unexpected repairs. However, with a little proactive maintenance, you can significantly increase your chances of passing first time. This guide will walk you through the common reasons for MOT failure and how to prevent them, ensuring your vehicle remains road-legal and safe.
Understanding the MOT Test
The MOT test, administered by the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA), covers various aspects of your vehicle's condition. These include the structure, fuel system, exhaust emissions, lighting equipment, brakes, steering, suspension, tyres, windscreen, and more. Each component is checked against specific criteria. Any item that doesn't meet these standards will result in a 'fail'. Understanding these key areas is the first step to a successful MOT.
Pre-MOT Checks: Your Secret Weapon
Many MOT failures can be easily avoided with simple, regular checks that you can perform yourself. Think of these as your vehicle's pre-MOT health check. By addressing potential issues before your official test, you save time, money, and stress.
1. Tyres: The Foundation of Safety
Tyres are a critical safety component and a common reason for MOT failure. The DVSA checks for: * Tread Depth: The legal minimum tread depth for car tyres in the UK is 1.6mm across the central three-quarters of the tyre's breadth. Use a tyre tread depth gauge or a 20p coin to check. If the outer band of the 20p coin is visible when inserted into the grooves, your tyres may be below the legal limit. * Damage: Look for cuts, bulges, or cracks on the tyre sidewalls. Any significant damage can lead to a fail. * Inflation: Ensure your tyres are inflated to the correct pressure, as specified in your vehicle's handbook or on a sticker inside the driver's door. Under-inflated or over-inflated tyres can affect handling and wear unevenly. * Overall Condition: Check for uneven wear patterns, which can indicate alignment or suspension issues. Table 1: Tyre Check Summary
| Aspect | What to Check For | Potential Fail Reason |
|---|---|---|
| Tread Depth | Minimum 1.6mm across 3/4 of the tyre width | Below legal limit |
| Damage | Cuts, bulges, or cracks on sidewalls | Structural integrity compromised |
| Inflation | Correct pressure as per manufacturer | Uneven wear, poor handling, increased fuel consumption |
| Condition | Even wear, no visible damage or foreign objects | Indicates underlying mechanical issues, premature wear |
2. Lights: Illuminating Your Path
All lights on your vehicle must be functioning correctly and be the correct colour. This includes: * Headlights: Low and high beams should work and be correctly aligned. Misaligned headlights can dazzle oncoming drivers. * Tail Lights: Red rear lights must be operational. * Brake Lights: All brake lights, including the high-level one, must illuminate when the brake pedal is pressed. * Indicator Lights: Front, rear, and side indicators must flash at the correct rate and be the correct colour (amber). * Number Plate Lights: The rear number plate must be illuminated by a white light. Ask a friend or use reflections to check all your lights. A simple walk-around can save you a potential fail.
3. Windscreen and Wipers: Crystal Clear Visibility
Visibility is paramount for safe driving. The MOT test scrutinises: * Windscreen: The glass must be free from chips or cracks in the driver's direct line of sight (within a 290mm wide swept area by the wipers). Any damage in this area, larger than 10mm or 40mm respectively, will result in a fail. * Wipers: Wipers must clear the windscreen effectively without juddering or leaving streaks. Check the wiper blades for wear and tear. * Washers: The washer system must adequately clear the windscreen.
4. Brakes: The Ultimate Safety Net
Your braking system is vital. While a full brake test is conducted during the MOT, you can check for: * Brake Pedal Feel: Does the pedal feel spongy or go too close to the floor? This could indicate air in the system or worn components. * Brake Fluid Level: Check the brake fluid reservoir. Low fluid levels can signify leaks or worn brake pads. * Handbrake: Ensure the handbrake holds the vehicle firmly on a slight incline. * Unusual Noises: Grinding or squealing noises when braking are clear warning signs.
5. Exhaust Emissions: Environmental Responsibility
This is a crucial part of the MOT, especially for modern vehicles. The test measures the level of pollutants emitted. To help pass this section: * Regular Servicing: Ensure your car is serviced according to the manufacturer's schedule. A well-maintained engine runs more efficiently and produces fewer emissions. * Avoid Short Journeys: Frequent short trips can lead to a build-up of carbon in the exhaust system. If possible, take your car for a good run on the motorway for about 20-30 minutes before the MOT to help clear out any excess carbon. * Check for Leaks: Any exhaust leaks can affect emissions readings.
6. Steering and Suspension: For a Smooth Ride
Issues with steering and suspension can affect handling and tyre wear. Checks include: * Steering: Excessive play in the steering wheel, or noises when turning, can indicate problems. * Suspension: Look for worn shock absorbers, springs, or suspension bushes. Leaking shock absorbers are a common fail point.
7. Other Key Areas:
- Horn: Must be working and audible.
- Seats and Seatbelts: All seatbelts must be present, in good condition, and function correctly. Seats must be secure.
- Bodywork: Excessive corrosion or sharp edges that could be a danger to other road users can cause a fail.
- Fuel System: The fuel cap must seal correctly.
- Doors: Doors must open and close properly from the inside and outside.
When is Your MOT Due?
It's essential to know when your MOT is due to avoid driving illegally. You can easily check your MOT expiry date online using the DVSA MOT History service. Simply enter your vehicle's registration number on the GOV.UK website. Many garages also offer a MOT reminder service, or you can sign up for one. It's also worth noting that your MOT certificate is valid for 12 months from the date of the test. You can get your car tested up to one month before your current MOT expires without affecting the expiry date of your new certificate.
What Happens if You Fail?
If your vehicle fails the MOT, you will be issued with a 'Refusal of an MOT Test Certificate' document, detailing the reasons for failure. You cannot legally drive your car if its MOT has expired and it has failed the test, unless you are driving it to a pre-booked appointment for repair or to a pre-booked MOT test. In most cases, you will need to have the necessary repairs carried out and then book a re-test. Many garages offer free or discounted re-tests if the vehicle is left with them for repairs.
Tips for a Stress-Free MOT:
- Regular Servicing: Keep up with your car's scheduled maintenance. A well-maintained car is more likely to pass.
- DIY Checks: Perform the basic checks mentioned above regularly.
- Address Minor Issues: Don't ignore warning lights on your dashboard or unusual noises.
- Clean Your Car: A clean car makes it easier for the tester to inspect components properly.
- Know Your Test: Familiarise yourself with the MOT testing manual (available online) to understand what is checked.
- Choose a Reputable Garage: Use a trusted garage for your MOT and any necessary repairs. By taking a proactive approach and conducting regular checks, you can significantly improve your vehicle's chances of passing its MOT test. This not only saves you money and hassle but, more importantly, ensures your vehicle is safe for you, your passengers, and other road users. Don't wait for the last minute; a little preparation goes a long way in keeping your car road-worthy.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Q1: Can I drive my car if its MOT has expired?A1: No, you cannot legally drive your car on public roads if its MOT has expired, unless you are driving it to a pre-booked appointment for repair or to a pre-booked MOT test. Driving otherwise can result in a fine and penalty points. Q2: How much does an MOT cost?A2: The maximum price for an MOT test is set by the government, but garages can charge less. The current maximum prices for 2023 are £54.85 for cars, £29.65 for motorcycles, and £37.45 for a standard motorhome or campervan. Prices can vary between garages. Q3: Can I check my MOT history online?A3: Yes, you can check your vehicle's MOT history, including previous test results and mileage records, on the GOV.UK website using the DVSA MOT History service. This is a free and public service. Q4: What if I need repairs after failing?A4: If your car fails, you'll need to have the necessary repairs done. You can either have them done at the testing garage or take it elsewhere. After repairs, the vehicle must pass a partial or full re-test, depending on the nature of the failure. Q5: Can I carry out my own MOT checks?A5: Yes, you can and should perform basic checks yourself, such as tyre tread depth, lights, and wiper condition, to identify potential issues before the official test. However, you cannot legally conduct the MOT test on your own vehicle.
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