26/01/2015
Should You Change Transmission Fluid Yourself?
Like so many other vital components in your vehicle, transmission fluid degrades over time and with use, necessitating regular changes. While changing transmission fluid can be a bit messier and involve more steps than a simple oil change, with the right space and by following clear instructions, you can successfully perform this task yourself and potentially save a considerable amount of money. If you lack the necessary space or feel uncomfortable undertaking this job, a professional mechanic can certainly handle it for you, and they can even perform a transmission fluid flush, a more involved process.
Why is Changing Transmission Fluid Important?
Failing transmission fluid can lead to a host of problems, including jerky gear shifts, premature wear and tear on the transmission itself, and potentially hazardous leaks. Regular fluid changes are crucial for the longevity and optimal performance of your vehicle's transmission. Most auto manufacturers recommend changing the transmission fluid every 30,000 to 60,000 miles, though this can vary depending on your driving habits and conditions.
What Tools Will You Need?
Before embarking on this DIY project, gathering the correct tools is paramount. Here's a comprehensive list of what you'll require:
- Rags: Expect this job to get messy. Having plenty of rags on hand is essential for cleaning up spills and wiping down components.
- Owner's Manual: Your vehicle's owner's manual is your ultimate guide. It will detail specific fluid types, capacities, and crucial steps unique to your car.
- Funnel or Oil Pump: For automatic transmissions, a funnel is needed to refill the new fluid through the dipstick tube. Manual transmissions typically require an oil pump to fill the fluid through a plug on the transmission housing.
- Jack: To access the transmission pan or drain plug, you'll need to lift the vehicle.
- Jack Stands or Wheel Ramps: Safety is paramount. Securely support the vehicle using jack stands or by driving it onto wheel ramps.
- Wheel Chocks: To prevent the vehicle from rolling, especially when lifted, place wheel chocks behind the rear wheels.
- Tarp or Towel: Lay down a tarp or old towel underneath the work area to catch any spills and protect your driveway or garage floor.
- Large Oil Catch Pan: Transmission fluid is considered hazardous waste. You'll need a sufficiently large catch pan to collect the old fluid for proper disposal and recycling.
- Torque Wrench or Ratchet: To loosen and tighten the transmission pan bolts or drain plug.
- Gloves: Protect your hands from hot fluid and grime. Nitrile or mechanic's gloves are recommended.
- Cleaning Solvent: To clean the transmission pan and remove any debris or metal shavings.
- Screwdriver: May be needed to gently pry off the transmission pan if the gasket is stuck.
- New Gaskets: Always replace the transmission pan gasket to ensure a proper seal and prevent leaks.
- Transmission Fluid: Ensure you purchase the correct type and amount specified in your owner's manual.
Step-by-Step Guide to Changing Transmission Fluid
Changing your transmission fluid, while potentially messy, is a manageable task. Follow these steps carefully:
- Warm Up the Transmission: Drive your vehicle for a few minutes or let it idle to warm the transmission fluid. Warm fluid flows more easily, allowing for a more complete drain.
- Safely Lift and Secure the Vehicle: Use your jack to raise the front of the vehicle. Place jack stands or wheel ramps securely under the designated support points. Engage the parking brake and chock the rear wheels for added safety.
- Drain the Old Fluid: Position your catch pan beneath the transmission pan (for automatics) or the drain plug (for manuals). Using your ratchet or torque wrench, carefully loosen and remove the pan bolts or drain plug. Allow the old fluid to drain completely. For automatic transmissions, you might want to loosen one side of the pan slightly more than the other to direct the fluid flow into the pan.
- Remove and Clean the Transmission Pan: Once the fluid has drained, carefully remove the transmission pan. Manual transmissions often do not have a removable pan; they will typically have a drain plug and a fill plug. Inspect the pan for any metal shavings or debris. If you find significant metal shavings, it could indicate internal transmission damage, and you should consult a mechanic. Clean the pan thoroughly with a cleaning solvent. Note that transmission pans and drain plugs often have magnets to collect metallic particles; clean these magnets as well.
- Replace the Transmission Filter: If your transmission has a filter (common in automatics), this is the ideal time to replace it. Consult your owner's manual for its location and the correct replacement procedure.
- Replace the Gasket and Pan/Plug: Clean the mating surface of the transmission housing. Apply a thin bead of RTV sealant or use the new gasket to create a seal. Reinstall the transmission pan, tightening the bolts in a criss-cross pattern to the manufacturer's specified torque using your torque wrench. For manual transmissions, replace the drain plug and its seal, or the fill plug and its seal, if applicable.
- Refill with New Fluid: Refer to your owner's manual for the exact capacity. For automatic transmissions, use the funnel to pour the new fluid into the dipstick tube. For manual transmissions, use the oil pump to fill the transmission through the fill plug until fluid begins to seep out.
- Start the Engine and Circulate Fluid: With the vehicle still safely supported, start the engine and let it idle for a few minutes. This allows the new fluid to circulate throughout the transmission.
- Check Fluid Levels: For automatic transmissions, with the engine idling and the gear selector in Park or Neutral, pull the dipstick, wipe it clean, reinsert it fully, and pull it out again to check the fluid level. Add more fluid if necessary, checking the level after each small addition. For manual transmissions, you may need to turn off the engine and check the fluid level by feeling with a finger inserted into the fill hole, or by referring to your manual for specific instructions.
- Inspect for Leaks: Carefully examine the transmission pan and drain plug area for any signs of leaks. If you notice any leaks, tighten the bolts or plug as needed. If leaks persist, it might be best to consult a mechanic.
- Lower the Vehicle and Test Drive: Once you're confident there are no leaks, lower the vehicle. Take your car for a short test drive, shifting through all the gears to ensure smooth operation.
Comparison: DIY vs. Professional Transmission Fluid Change
Here's a quick comparison to help you decide:
| Feature | DIY Transmission Fluid Change | Professional Transmission Fluid Change |
|---|---|---|
| Cost | Lower (primarily parts cost) | Higher (parts + labour + potential upcharges) |
| Time Commitment | Several hours (including preparation and cleanup) | 1-2 hours (appointment dependent) |
| Tools Required | Must have or acquire all necessary tools | Tools provided by the shop |
| Mess Factor | High (requires careful cleanup) | Low (mechanics handle the mess) |
| Satisfaction | High (sense of accomplishment) | None |
| Complexity | Moderate (requires careful attention to detail) | Low (handled by experienced professionals) |
Frequently Asked Questions
Q1: How often should I change my transmission fluid?
Most manufacturers recommend a change every 30,000 to 60,000 miles. However, if you frequently drive in stop-and-go traffic, tow heavy loads, or drive in extreme conditions, you may need to change it more often.
Q2: Can I just drain and fill the transmission fluid?
Yes, a drain and fill is the most common DIY method. A transmission fluid flush is a more thorough process that uses specialized equipment to remove nearly all the old fluid and replace it with new fluid, but this is typically done by professionals.
Q3: What happens if I don't change my transmission fluid?
Over time, transmission fluid breaks down, loses its lubricating properties, and can become contaminated with debris. This can lead to increased friction, overheating, premature wear, and eventual transmission failure, which is a very expensive repair.
Q4: My car has a "lifetime" transmission fluid. Do I still need to change it?
While some modern vehicles are advertised with "lifetime" fluid, it's often recommended to change it at higher mileage intervals (e.g., 100,000 miles or more). Consult your owner's manual for the manufacturer's specific recommendations. Many mechanics advise changing it even if it's labeled as "lifetime" to ensure the longevity of the transmission.
Q5: Where can I dispose of old transmission fluid?
Old transmission fluid is considered hazardous waste. Most auto parts stores and local recycling centres have facilities for accepting used automotive fluids. Never pour it down the drain or onto the ground.
Additional Tips for a Successful Change
- Check Your Owner's Manual: This cannot be stressed enough. Your manual is the definitive source for the correct fluid type, quantity, and any specific procedures for your vehicle.
- Transmission Fluid Kits: For first-time DIYers, consider purchasing a transmission fluid change kit. These often include many of the necessary tools and the correct fluid for your vehicle.
- Gasket Replacement: Always replace the transmission pan gasket. A new gasket is crucial for preventing leaks and ensuring a proper seal.
- Cleanliness is Key: Keep your work area as clean as possible to prevent dirt and debris from contaminating the new fluid.
Conclusion
Changing your transmission fluid yourself is a rewarding and cost-effective maintenance task that can significantly contribute to the health and lifespan of your vehicle's transmission. By arming yourself with the right tools, following these detailed steps, and prioritizing safety, you can confidently tackle this job and keep your car running smoothly for years to come.
If you want to read more articles similar to DIY Transmission Fluid Change: A Comprehensive Guide, you can visit the Maintenance category.