09/01/2004
When it comes to maintaining a classic Ariel motorcycle, the correct oil filter and oil are paramount to ensuring the longevity and performance of your machine. The choice of oil and the presence (or absence) of a suitable filter can significantly impact engine wear, especially considering the unique engineering of Ariel engines. This guide delves into the specifics of oil filtration and selection for various Ariel models, aiming to provide clarity for owners and enthusiasts.
- Understanding Ariel Oil Requirements
- Oil Tanks and Filtration Components
- The Draganfly Cartridge Oil Filter Kit: A Superior Modification
- Choosing the Right Oil Filter
- Frequently Asked Questions
- Q1: Can I use modern multi-grade oil in my Ariel with roller bearing big ends?
- Q2: What is the best way to check if my Ariel's oil system is clean?
- Q3: Is the Draganfly Cartridge Oil Filter Kit difficult to install?
- Q4: Which oil filter is best for a Square Four?
- Q5: Where can I find Ariel motorcycle manuals?
Understanding Ariel Oil Requirements
Ariel engines, particularly those from the pre- and post-war eras, have distinct lubrication requirements. The type of big-end bearing fitted to your Ariel significantly dictates the most appropriate oil.
Monograde vs. Multigrade Oils
For engines equipped with roller bearing big ends, such as the Fieldmaster, Huntmaster, and some Square Four variants, monograde oils are strongly recommended. Specifically, SAE 40 in winter and SAE 50 in summer is advised. This is due to the immense pressure exerted on the rollers within the bearing. Monograde oils, particularly those that are 'straight' (meaning without modern additives like detergents), are better equipped to handle these high loads without breaking down. Detergent additives, while beneficial in modern engines with effective filtration, can be detrimental in older Ariel engines. They can loosen accumulated sludge and deposits, which, in the absence of an effective filter, can circulate and cause significant damage.
Engines with shell bearing big ends, found in models like the Fieldmaster, Huntmaster, and Square Four (specifically those with shell bearings), can utilise either monograde or modern multigrade oils. Multigrade oils offer a quicker lubrication film upon starting, which is crucial as most engine wear occurs during this phase, making them suitable for shorter journeys. They are also generally cheaper and more readily available.
However, monograde oils offer several advantages for these engines. They tend to leak less, allow the engine to run cooler and quieter, and are available as straight oils, which is more in keeping with the original specifications.
The Peril of Sludge
A critical warning pertains to engines that have been laid up for extended periods. If an Ariel engine, particularly a Square Four, has not been run regularly, the oil within the system may have solidified its sludge content. This hardened sludge can block the narrow oilways, leading to catastrophic engine seizure, often resulting in broken connecting rods. Before recommissioning such an engine, it is advisable to drain the oil tank and inspect it for sludge. A simple method is to use a stick to gauge the amount of sediment. When rebuilding an engine, thorough cleaning of the oil tank is an essential step.
Oil Tanks and Filtration Components
Ariel motorcycles employed various oil tank designs and filtration methods throughout their production. Understanding the part numbers and their applications is key to sourcing the correct components.
Components for All Models Except Square Four:
This section lists various parts associated with the oil system, including studs, bolts, rubber pipes, banjo bolts, and filler caps. Of particular interest for filtration are:
- 5861-29: Oil plug and gauze, rear of tank, stainless steel. Used on various models from 1929-1932.
- 5861-52: Filter inside neck of oil tank. Used on models from 1952-1954.
- 5861-55: Filter inside neck of oil tank. Used on models from 1955.
- 5861-56: Filter inside tank. Used on models from 1956-1958.
- 5862-31: Oil plug and gauze, stainless steel, with a fibre washer (5895-29). Used on Colt/Sloper (1931-32) and Single Rig/Plunger (1933-55).
Components for Square Four Models:
The Square Four models have their own set of specific oil tank components:
- 5861-37: Delivery pipe bolt with filter, delivery side, stainless steel. Used on Square Four models from 1937-1958. This is a crucial component for filtration on this side of the oil system.
- 5895-37: Fibre washer for 5861-37 filter bolt. Essential for sealing the filter bolt.
The Draganfly Cartridge Oil Filter Kit: A Superior Modification
For those seeking to significantly enhance the lubrication system of their Ariel, the Draganfly Cartridge Oil Filter Kit is widely considered the best modification available. This is particularly true for models fitted with plain shell bearings, such as the Square Four, Fieldmaster, and Huntmaster Twins.
Benefits of the Draganfly Kit:
- Improved Engine Life: By effectively filtering out contaminants, the kit drastically reduces wear on critical engine components.
- Extended Oil Change Intervals: When used in conjunction with modern oils, oil change intervals can be increased by at least 50%, offering both convenience and cost savings.
- Bypass Valve Integration: The filters incorporate a bypass valve. Should the filter become blocked, the valve opens, ensuring continuous oil circulation, thereby preventing engine damage due to oil starvation.
Installation and Components:
The Draganfly kits are comprehensive, including all necessary parts and detailed instructions. A key feature is the specially produced mounting bracket, designed to attach discreetly to the bottom of the rear engine plate, situated between the engine and gearbox. This results in an installation that is not only visually unobtrusive but also provides easy access to the filter for maintenance.
The filter head is equipped with two 3/8 diameter plain connections, suitable for 5/16” bore oil pipes. The kit is available for different Ariel models:
| Part No. | Description | Models | Years |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1521-01 | Cartridge oil filter kit | Plunger/Rider models | 1929-1958 |
| 1521-92 | Cartridge oil filter kit | Square Four | 1937-1958 |
Individual components are also available, such as the filter head (1521C-92) and mounting brackets (1521A-92 for Square Fours, 1521A-00 for other models), as well as various oil hoses and hose clips.
Choosing the Right Oil Filter
Based on the information provided, the Draganfly Cartridge Oil Filter Kit stands out as the premier filtration solution for Ariel motorcycles, especially those with shell-type big ends. For Square Fours, the 5861-37 Delivery pipe bolt with filter offers integrated filtration on the delivery side.
For earlier models without specific filter provisions, ensuring the oil tank's gauze plug (like 5861-29 or 5862-31) is clean and present is the minimum requirement. However, upgrading to a full cartridge filter system offers the most significant improvement in engine protection.
Comparison Table: Filtration Options
| Filtration Method | Applicable Models | Pros | Cons |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gauze Plug (e.g., 5861-29, 5862-31) | Various early models, Square Fours (some variants) | Simple, original specification, basic filtration | Limited filtration capacity, requires frequent cleaning |
| Integrated Tank Neck Filter (e.g., 5861-52, 5861-56) | Later models (1952-1958) | Improves filtration over gauze alone | Still relatively basic, may not capture finer particles |
| Draganfly Cartridge Oil Filter Kit (1521-01, 1521-92) | All models, especially recommended for shell bearing big ends | Superior filtration, improved engine life, extended oil change intervals, bypass valve | Requires installation, not original |
| 5861-37 Delivery Pipe Bolt with Filter | Square Four (1937-1958) | Integrated filtration on delivery side | Specific to Square Four, limited to delivery side |
Frequently Asked Questions
Q1: Can I use modern multi-grade oil in my Ariel with roller bearing big ends?
A1: It is strongly advised against using modern multi-grade oils in Ariel engines with roller bearing big ends. The detergent additives can be harmful, and monograde oils are better suited to the high pressures involved.
Q2: What is the best way to check if my Ariel's oil system is clean?
A2: Drain the oil tank and inspect the contents for sludge. A significant amount of sludge indicates a need for thorough cleaning, especially if the engine has been stored for a long time.
Q3: Is the Draganfly Cartridge Oil Filter Kit difficult to install?
A3: The kits come with comprehensive instructions and a custom bracket for a neat installation. While it requires some mechanical aptitude, it is a manageable modification for most enthusiasts.
Q4: Which oil filter is best for a Square Four?
A4: The Draganfly Cartridge Oil Filter Kit (Part No. 1521-92) is the best modification for a Square Four. The 5861-37 Delivery pipe bolt with filter also provides filtration on the delivery side.
Q5: Where can I find Ariel motorcycle manuals?
A5: While this article focuses on oil filters, original Ariel workshop manuals are often available from specialist dealers or online forums dedicated to vintage motorcycles. Searching for "Ariel motorcycle workshop manual" online should provide several resources.
In conclusion, selecting the correct oil and implementing effective filtration are fundamental to preserving your Ariel motorcycle. The Draganfly Cartridge Oil Filter Kit represents a significant upgrade, offering enhanced protection and longevity for your classic machine. Always ensure your oil tank is clean and that all oil pipes and connections are secure to prevent leaks and maintain optimal lubrication.
If you want to read more articles similar to Ariel Oil Filter Guide, you can visit the Maintenance category.