VT20 MOT Test Checklist Explained

The MOT test is a crucial annual check to ensure your vehicle is roadworthy and meets environmental standards. Understanding the specifics of what's inspected can help you prepare your car and avoid common failure points. The VT20 is the official document used by testers to record the results of the MOT test for cars and other light vehicles. While you can't typically 'find' a VT20 checklist in the same way you'd find a shopping list, as it's an internal document used by approved testing stations, the information it contains is publicly available. Essentially, the VT20 is a record of the checks performed and the outcome of each. This article will break down the key areas covered in the VT20 test, giving you a comprehensive overview of what your vehicle will be examined on.

What is the VT20?

The VT20 is the official MOT test certificate for a vehicle that has passed. If a vehicle fails, it will receive a VT30 refusal of an MOT test certificate. The VT20 certificate confirms that the vehicle has met the minimum safety and environmental standards required by law at the time of the test. It’s important to note that an MOT certificate is not a guarantee of the vehicle's mechanical condition for its entire duration; it's a snapshot of its condition on the day of the test. The information used to generate the VT20 is based on a detailed set of inspection procedures laid out by the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA).

Key Areas Inspected in an MOT Test (VT20 Content)

The MOT test covers a wide range of components to ensure your vehicle is safe and compliant. The inspection is divided into several categories. Here's a breakdown of the primary areas:

1. Body and Vehicle Structure

This is a critical area, as structural integrity is paramount for safety. Testers will be looking for any signs of significant corrosion, damage, or deformation that could compromise the vehicle's strength.

• Chassis and Frame: Checked for excessive corrosion, damage, or deformation that could affect structural integrity.
• Body Panels: Looked at for damage, corrosion, or sharp edges that could be dangerous.
• Doors: Checked to ensure they open, close, and stay shut correctly, and that hinges and latches are secure.
• Bonnet and Boot: Inspected to ensure they open, close securely, and are properly fastened.
• Mirrors: Checked for condition and security, ensuring they provide a clear view.
• Windscreen: Inspected for damage within the driver's primary field of vision. Cracks or chips larger than 40mm overall, or smaller than 10mm in the driver's line of sight, will cause a failure.
• Wipers and Washers: Must be able to clear the windscreen effectively.
• Horn: Must be present and functioning correctly.
• Vehicle Identification Number (VIN): Must be present and legible.

2. Fuel System

The fuel system must be secure and free from leaks.

• Fuel Tank: Checked for security and leaks.
• Fuel Pipes: Inspected for leaks, corrosion, or damage.

3. Steering and Suspension

These components are vital for control and handling.

• Steering System: Checked for excessive play, damage, or wear in components like the steering wheel, column, and rack.
• Suspension Components: Inspected for wear, damage, or corrosion in shock absorbers, springs, ball joints, and other related parts.

4. Wheels and Tyres

Tyres are a primary safety feature, and their condition is rigorously checked.

• Tyres: Checked for tread depth (minimum 1.6mm across the central three-quarters of the breadth of the tread), damage (cuts, bulges), incorrect pressures, and that they are the correct size and type for the vehicle.
• Wheels: Inspected for damage, corrosion, and that they are securely fitted.
• Wheel Bearings: Checked for excessive play or noise.

5. Brakes

A vehicle's braking system is one of the most critical safety aspects.

• Brake Operation: Tested to ensure they are effective and balanced.
• Brake Fluid: Checked for level and condition.
• Brake Lines and Hoses: Inspected for leaks, corrosion, or damage.
• Brake Discs and Pads: Checked for wear, damage, and proper function.
• Parking Brake: Must be able to hold the vehicle securely.

6. Exhaust Emissions

To ensure your vehicle meets environmental standards.

• Exhaust Emissions: Measured against specified limits depending on the vehicle's age and fuel type.
• Exhaust System: Checked for leaks, corrosion, security, and noise levels.

7. Lighting Equipment

All lights must be present, functioning correctly, and aimed appropriately.

• Headlights: Checked for function, aim, and condition.
• Tail Lights, Brake Lights, Indicators: All must be working and visible.
• Number Plate Lights: Must illuminate the rear number plate.

8. Seats and Seatbelts

Essential for occupant safety.

• Seats: Checked for secure mounting.
• Seatbelts: Inspected for wear, damage, correct operation, and locking mechanisms.

9. Other Equipment

Various other safety-related items are also checked.

• Doors: As mentioned, they must open, close, and latch securely.
• Mirrors: Checked for condition and security.
• Speedometer: Must be present and functioning.
• Child Safety: Checks on child lock mechanisms for rear doors where fitted.
• Interior Trim: Checked for sharp edges or anything that could cause injury.

Common MOT Failure Points

Understanding common reasons for MOT failure can help you proactively address issues before your test.

Preparing Your Vehicle for the MOT Test

While you can't know exactly what the tester will focus on, a thorough pre-MOT check can significantly increase your chances of passing.

• Check your tyres: Ensure they meet the legal tread depth and are free from damage.
• Test your lights: Walk around the car and check all lights are working, including brake lights and indicators.
• Inspect your windscreen: Look for any chips or cracks, especially in the driver's line of sight.
• Verify fluid levels: Top up windscreen washer fluid and check brake fluid levels.
• Check your horn: Ensure it sounds clearly.
• Look for obvious damage: Check for loose trim, sharp edges, or significant corrosion.
• Ensure your registration plates are clean and legible.

Where to Find Information about the MOT Test?

While the VT20 itself is an internal document, the DVSA provides comprehensive guidance on what is tested. You can find detailed information on the official GOV.UK website. Searching for "MOT test checks" on GOV.UK will lead you to the official manuals and guidance documents that testers use. These documents outline every single check performed during an MOT test, including specific measurements and criteria for passing or failing.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q1: What is the difference between an MOT and a service?

A1: An MOT is a legal requirement to ensure your vehicle is safe and environmentally compliant on the road. A service is a routine maintenance check recommended by the manufacturer to keep your vehicle in good working order.

Q2: How long does an MOT test take?

A2: An MOT test typically takes between 45 minutes and 1 hour to complete, depending on the type of vehicle and the testing station.

Q3: Can I drive my car if it doesn't have a valid MOT certificate?

A3: Generally, no. You cannot drive your car on public roads without a valid MOT certificate, unless you are driving it to a pre-booked MOT test appointment. You could face prosecution and fines if caught.

Q4: What happens if my car fails its MOT?

A4: If your car fails, it will receive a VT30 certificate. You will need to get the necessary repairs done. You can then have a partial re-test, which may be free or at a reduced cost depending on what failed and when you have the re-test done.

Q5: Where can I find the official MOT inspection manual?

A5: The official MOT inspection manual, which details all the checks, can be found on the GOV.UK website. Search for "MOT inspection manual" or "MOT test checks".

Conclusion

The VT20 is the outcome of a thorough inspection process designed to keep our roads safe. By familiarising yourself with the areas checked during an MOT test, you can better prepare your vehicle and increase your chances of a successful pass. Regular checks and maintenance are key to ensuring your car remains roadworthy and reliable, and understanding the MOT requirements is a vital part of responsible car ownership.