15/11/2019
The MOT test is a mandatory annual inspection for vehicles over three years old in the UK. Its primary purpose is to ensure that your car meets all the required road safety and environmental standards, confirming that it is safe and legal to drive on public roads. Failing to obtain a valid MOT certificate can result in fines and render your vehicle illegal to operate.
What Exactly Does an MOT Test Cover?
An MOT test is a comprehensive examination of various components of your vehicle to assess its roadworthiness. The test is divided into several key areas, each designed to identify potential safety hazards or environmental non-compliance. Here's a breakdown of what typically gets checked:
1. Body and Structure
This part of the test checks for excessive corrosion or damage to the vehicle's body, chassis, and other structural elements. Any significant rust or structural weakness can compromise the vehicle's integrity and safety.
2. Fuel System
The MOT inspectors will examine the fuel pipes and connections to ensure there are no leaks and that the system is secure.
3. Exhaust Emissions
A crucial aspect of the MOT is ensuring your vehicle complies with environmental regulations. This involves checking the exhaust emissions to make sure they are within the legal limits for pollutants. A diesel particulate filter (DPF) check is also included for relevant vehicles.
4. Lighting Equipment
All lights on your vehicle, including headlights, taillights, brake lights, indicators, and fog lights, are tested for correct operation, alignment, and condition. Properly functioning lights are vital for visibility and signalling intentions to other road users.
5. Tyres and Wheels
Tyres are checked for tread depth (minimum 1.6mm across the central three-quarters of the breadth of the tread), condition (no cuts, bulges, or damage), and correct inflation. Wheels are also inspected for damage and secure fitting.
6. Brakes
The braking system is one of the most critical safety components. The MOT inspects brake performance, the condition of brake discs, pads, hoses, and the overall efficiency of the braking system.
7. Steering and Suspension
Components like the steering wheel, steering column, power steering, suspension arms, springs, and shock absorbers are all examined for wear, damage, and proper operation. These systems are vital for maintaining control of the vehicle.
8. Visibility
The windscreen is checked for chips or cracks in the driver's line of sight (over 10mm in the driver's direct view, or over 40mm elsewhere on the windscreen). The condition and operation of windscreen wipers and washers are also assessed.
9. Seats and Seatbelts
All seatbelts fitted to the vehicle are checked for condition, operation, and security. The condition of the seats themselves is also briefly inspected.
10. Vehicle Identification Number (VIN)
The VIN, usually found on the vehicle's chassis or dashboard, must be clearly visible and legible.
11. Other Equipment
Depending on the vehicle type, other items like the horn, mirrors, and doors may also be inspected.
MOT vs. Annual Service: What's the Difference?
It's a common misconception that an MOT test is the same as a car service. While both are essential for maintaining your vehicle, they serve different purposes. Booking a car service at the same time as your MOT provides total peace of mind.
An annual service is a more in-depth maintenance check. It involves a comprehensive inspection of your vehicle's condition and includes the replacement of essential fluids (like engine oil, coolant, and brake fluid), filters (oil, air, fuel, and cabin filters), and other wear-and-tear items as recommended by the manufacturer. A service aims to keep your car running optimally and prevent future problems, whereas an MOT is a minimum legal requirement focused purely on safety and emissions.
Think of it this way: an MOT checks if your car is *legal* and *safe* to drive today. A service maintains your car to keep it running *well* and prevent it from becoming unsafe or unreliable in the future.
| Feature | MOT Test | Annual Service |
|---|---|---|
| Purpose | Legal requirement for road safety and emissions compliance | Preventative maintenance to ensure optimal performance and longevity |
| Frequency | Annually for vehicles over 3 years old | Typically annually, or based on mileage/manufacturer schedule |
| Scope | Checks specific safety and environmental standards | Comprehensive check of all major components, fluid changes, filter replacements |
| Outcome | Pass or Fail certificate | Report on vehicle condition, recommended work, fluid/filter changes |
| Focus | Minimum safety and environmental standards | Overall vehicle health and preventative care |
What Happens if My Car Fails its MOT?
If your vehicle fails its MOT test, it is illegal to drive it on the road until the necessary repairs have been made and it has passed a re-test. Your MOT test centre will provide you with a 'Refusal of an MOT Test Certificate' which details the reasons for the failure. Some minor issues might be classified as 'advisory items', which don't cause an immediate failure but should be addressed to prevent future problems.
You have a few options if your car fails:
- Repair at the same centre: If the repairs are minor, the centre may be able to carry out the work and re-test the vehicle on the same day.
- Repair elsewhere: You can take your vehicle to another garage for repairs. If you leave it at the test centre, you may have to pay for it to be stored.
- Re-test: If your car fails the MOT but you leave it at the test centre for repair, you can get a free re-test on certain items if the vehicle is repaired and resubmitted for testing within 10 working days. If you take it elsewhere for repairs, a partial re-test may be free if the vehicle is brought back within one working day. Otherwise, a full re-test will be required.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Q1: How often do I need an MOT test?
Any car, van, or motorcycle over three years old needs an MOT test every year.
Q2: Can I drive my car without a valid MOT certificate?
No, it is illegal to drive a vehicle on public roads without a valid MOT certificate, unless you are driving it to a pre-booked MOT appointment.
Q3: What is the minimum tyre tread depth required for an MOT?
The legal minimum tyre tread depth in the UK is 1.6mm across the central three-quarters of the breadth of the tread.
Q4: What happens to my car's MOT history?
Your car's MOT history is recorded and can be checked online by the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) and by garages when you book an MOT. This includes previous test results and mileage readings.
Q5: Does an MOT include an oil change?
No, an MOT test does not include replacing the engine oil or any other fluids, nor does it involve replacing filters. These tasks are part of a regular car service.
Conclusion
Understanding the MOT test is crucial for every vehicle owner. It's not just a bureaucratic hurdle; it's a vital safety check that ensures your vehicle is fit for the road and compliant with UK law. By ensuring your vehicle passes its MOT and considering regular servicing, you not only avoid legal penalties but also contribute to your own safety and that of other road users. Booking your MOT and service together can be a convenient way to keep your vehicle in top condition and provide that invaluable peace of mind.
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