Restoring Ford Escort Mk1 & Mk2 Classics

The Ford Escort, a name synonymous with accessible performance and motorsport success, continues to capture the hearts of automotive enthusiasts. While newer generations have graced our roads, it's the classic Mk1 and Mk2 Escorts that often evoke the strongest sense of nostalgia and dedication. The question of whether these iconic machines are still being restored is a resounding yes, fuelled by a passionate community and a deep appreciation for their historical significance and driving dynamics. These cars represent a golden era of rallying and performance motoring, and their enduring appeal is testament to their clever engineering and iconic styling. The story of their restoration is intertwined with the legends of motorsport and the ingenuity of engineers who shaped the automotive landscape. For instance, the development of the Cosworth BDA engine, a powerplant that defined a generation of performance Fords, is a fascinating chapter in this history. Mike Hall, a former Cosworth Director and the brilliant mind behind the BDA engine, recently shared insights into its creation. In a meeting with John Clark, a seasoned mechanic who spent many years travelling the country with rally driver Stan Clark (brother of the legendary Roger Clark), the conversation turned to the halcyon days of motorsport. John, who continues to build engines for his own collection, and Mike reminisced about the challenges and triumphs of developing what became a legendary engine. Mike, who shouldered the entire design of the BDA while Keith was preoccupied with Formula 1, pioneered the use of belt drive to the camshafts. This groundbreaking design, based on the Ford Kent cylinder block and incorporating four valves per cylinder, achieved exceptional gas flow. The BDA set a benchmark in the 1970s that many manufacturers took years to match, and its BHP per litre output remains remarkably close to what can be achieved with modern technology today, a true testament to Mike Hall's visionary design. This deep dive into the BDA's origins highlights the technical prowess that made cars like the Escort so formidable. The knowledge and passion of individuals like John Clark and Mike Hall are precisely what drive the ongoing restoration of these classic vehicles.

The Enduring Allure of the Mk1 and Mk2 Escort

The Ford Escort Mk1, produced from 1968 to 1974, and its successor, the Mk2, produced from 1975 to 1980, are celebrated for their lightweight construction, rear-wheel-drive configuration, and superb handling characteristics. These traits made them ideal platforms for both road-going performance and competitive rallying. The Mk1, with its distinctive European styling, and the Mk2, with its more aggressive, boxier lines, both possess a timeless aesthetic that continues to attract admirers. Many enthusiasts are drawn to the raw, analogue driving experience these cars offer. Without the electronic nannies of modern vehicles, drivers must engage more directly with the machine, fostering a deeper connection and a greater sense of accomplishment. The sheer joy of controlling a rear-wheel-drive car, especially one with a pedigree like the Escort, is a significant part of its appeal.

What Kind of Transmission Does a Ford Escort Mk1 Have?

Typically, a Ford Escort Mk1 would have featured a manual transmission. The most common gearbox was a four-speed manual, though some variants, particularly later models or those with specific engine options, could be equipped with a five-speed manual. These gearboxes were known for their robustness and straightforward operation, contributing to the car's accessible nature. While automatic transmissions were available on some Ford models of the era, they were less common in performance-oriented variants of the Escort, particularly those destined for rally stages. The focus for these cars was on driver engagement and control, which the manual gearbox excelled at providing. For example, a 1988 Ford Escort Mk4, mentioned in the context of a Mercury Grey GL 5dr with a 1.4 engine (though fitted with a 1.6), would have likely also come with a manual transmission, commonly a four or five-speed, depending on the specific specification and market. The evolution of transmissions saw Ford increasingly offer five-speed units as standard or optional across its range during the late 80s.

The Restoration Process: A Labour of Love

Restoring an Mk1 or Mk2 Escort is often a significant undertaking, requiring dedication, skill, and a substantial investment of time and resources. The process typically involves: * Sourcing a Donor Car: Finding a suitable Mk1 or Mk2 Escort can be a challenge. Many have succumbed to rust or have been heavily modified over the years. Condition is paramount, and enthusiasts often scour classifieds, attend classic car shows, and network within the Ford community to find the right project. * Stripping and Assessment: The car is usually stripped down to its bare shell. This allows for a thorough inspection of the chassis, bodywork, and mechanical components. Any signs of rust, damage, or wear are identified. * Bodywork and Fabrication: Escorts, especially those that have seen extensive use or harsh weather, are prone to rust in common areas such as wheel arches, sills, floor pans, and the inner wings. Repairing or replacing these sections often involves significant metal fabrication, welding, and panel beating. Achieving period-correct panel gaps and finishes is crucial for an authentic restoration. * Mechanical Rebuild: The engine, gearbox, suspension, brakes, and steering components are typically rebuilt or replaced. This can range from a simple tune-up and brake overhaul to a full engine rebuild, potentially incorporating upgrades for improved performance, such as the legendary Cosworth BDA or other period-correct performance engines. * Interior Refurbishment: The interior often requires attention, from repairing or replacing seats and carpets to restoring the dashboard and trim. Sourcing original or high-quality reproduction parts is key to maintaining the car's authenticity. * Painting and Finishing: Once the bodywork is complete and all mechanicals are in place, the car is prepared for painting. Achieving a high-quality finish, whether a factory-correct colour or a popular period racing livery, is a critical step. * Reassembly and Testing: The final stage involves carefully reassembling all the components, ensuring everything is correctly fitted and functioning. Extensive testing follows to iron out any issues and ensure the car drives as intended.

Key Components and Considerations for Restoration

When embarking on an Escort Mk1 or Mk2 restoration, several key areas demand particular attention: * Chassis and Suspension: The structural integrity of the chassis is fundamental. Bushings, shock absorbers, springs, and ball joints will likely need replacement to restore the car's renowned handling. The rear axle and its associated components also require careful inspection. * Brakes: Upgrading the braking system is a common modification, especially if the car is intended for spirited driving or occasional track use. Period-correct drum brakes on the rear and disc brakes on the front were standard, but many restorers opt for more modern, powerful setups. * Engine: The choice of engine is a significant decision. While original Ford Kent engines can be rebuilt, many enthusiasts opt for more potent alternatives. The Cosworth BDA, as mentioned, is a highly sought-after unit, but other options include Millington engines or Ford's CVH or Zetec engines, often with significant modifications. * Body Panels: The availability of good quality replacement body panels can vary. Some are readily available from specialist suppliers, while others may require custom fabrication. The iconic "Mexico" or "RS" body kits are also popular additions for those seeking a more aggressive look.

The Community and Ongoing Support

The restoration of Mk1 and Mk2 Escorts is not a solitary pursuit. A vibrant and supportive community exists, comprising owners, mechanics, and historians. This network is invaluable for sharing knowledge, sourcing rare parts, and offering practical advice. Owners' clubs and online forums are vital resources, connecting enthusiasts and ensuring that the legacy of these cars is preserved and celebrated.

Frequently Asked Questions

• Are Mk1 and Mk2 Ford Escorts valuable?Yes, well-restored examples, especially performance variants like the Escort Mexico, RS2000, or rally-prepped cars, can be highly valuable and are sought after by collectors.
• Where can I find parts for an Escort Mk1/Mk2?Specialist suppliers, owners' clubs, online forums, and classic car auctions are excellent places to source parts. Some parts may require custom fabrication.
• Is it difficult to restore an Escort Mk1/Mk2?It can be a challenging and time-consuming project, requiring mechanical knowledge, fabrication skills, and patience. However, with dedication, it is a rewarding experience.
• What is the most iconic Ford Escort Mk1/Mk2 model?While subjective, models like the Escort RS2000, Escort Mexico (Mk1), and the Escort RS1800 (Mk2) are often cited as the most desirable and iconic.
• What engine was in the original Ford Escort Mk1?The Mk1 Escort was initially offered with a range of Ford Kent engines, from 1.1 litre to 1.6 litre, with performance variants like the GT and Twin Cam featuring more powerful versions. The legacy of the Ford Escort Mk1 and Mk2 is far from over. They are not just cars; they are rolling pieces of history, testaments to a different era of automotive design and engineering. The passion for their restoration ensures that these legends will continue to be seen, heard, and driven for many years to come, a fitting tribute to the genius of designers like Mike Hall and the enduring spirit of motorsport.
  

  Comparative Table: Mk1 vs. Mk2 Escort Characteristics

This table illustrates the evolution from the Mk1 to the Mk2, highlighting both the continuity in their core design philosophy and the subtle but significant changes that defined each generation. Both remain highly desirable for restoration and classic car ownership.

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