Understanding Side Mount Brake Pads

Bicycle braking systems, while seemingly straightforward, can harbour a surprising amount of technical detail. For many cyclists, the focus remains on the stopping power and modulation, often overlooking the finer points of how brake pads are integrated into the overall mechanism. One such area of detail that might pique the interest of a discerning rider, particularly those delving into upgrades or troubleshooting, is the concept of 'side mount' brake pads. This article aims to demystify this terminology, explain its relevance, and address common queries, especially for those considering adjustments to their beloved machines, like a 2004 Thorn Raven Adventure.

What Exactly are Side Mount Brake Pads?

The term 'side mount' in relation to brake pads typically refers to the method by which the brake pad itself is attached to the brake caliper or brake arm. In many common bicycle braking systems, particularly older caliper brakes or some cantilever brakes, the brake pad is held in place by a bolt that passes through the brake arm and screws into the threaded end of the brake pad holder. The pad then sits directly against the wheel rim.

However, the 'side mount' designation often implies a slightly different approach, commonly seen with V-brakes and their close relatives, linear-pull brakes. In these systems, the brake pad is usually secured to the brake arm via a bolt that enters from the side of the brake pad holder. This bolt might pass through the holder and thread into the brake arm, or in some designs, it might thread directly into the brake arm itself, with the pad holder having a slot to allow for adjustment. The key differentiator is that the primary securing mechanism is accessed from the side of the pad assembly, rather than from directly behind it.

This design allows for more precise angling and positioning of the brake pad against the rim. Cyclists can often adjust the toe-in (where the front of the pad contacts the rim slightly before the rear) or the overall angle to achieve optimal braking performance and minimise squeal. The ability to adjust the pad's position laterally and vertically is crucial for ensuring it makes full and even contact with the braking surface of the rim.

V-Brakes: Are They Any Good?

V-brakes, also known as linear-pull brakes, have been a popular choice for many years, especially on mountain bikes, hybrids, and touring bikes, due to their simplicity and stopping power. They work by using two long, un-flexing arms that pivot independently. When the brake lever is pulled, a cable pulls directly on one of these arms, causing both arms to pivot inwards and squeeze the brake pads against the rim. This direct-pull mechanism means that less effort is required at the lever for significant braking force, giving them a distinct advantage over older styles of caliper brakes, especially in muddy or wet conditions.

Are they good? Generally, yes. V-brakes offer excellent stopping power for their weight and cost. They are relatively easy to maintain and adjust, and replacement parts are widely available. Their main drawback, when compared to disc brakes, is their susceptibility to contamination from mud and water, which can reduce performance. Additionally, the long arms can sometimes be prone to flexing under extreme braking, leading to a less modulated feel than some other systems.

For general riding, touring, and even light off-road use, V-brakes are more than adequate and can provide reliable stopping power.

Bob's Thorn Raven Adventure: A Specific Case

Bob’s question about replacing Deore brakes on his 2004 Thorn Raven Adventure with V-brakes, and the specific mounting of his front brakes, brings up some important considerations.

Compatibility with Deore Brakes

Shimano Deore brakes, depending on the year and specific model, could have been either V-brakes themselves or perhaps older cantilever brakes, or even early disc brakes. If his current Deore brakes are V-brakes, then switching to another set of V-brakes would be a relatively straightforward swap. However, if his current Deore brakes are a different type (e.g., cantilever or disc), then a direct replacement with V-brakes would require checking the frame and fork mounts. Most frames designed for cantilever brakes can accommodate V-brakes, as the mounting bosses are generally the same. However, older bikes with caliper brakes might not have the necessary bosses.

The crucial factor for V-brakes is the cable pull ratio. V-brakes require a 'long pull' cable actuation, which is standard for most mountain bike brake levers from the era Bob’s bike was made. If his current levers are designed for V-brakes, then a new set of V-brakes should be compatible. If his current levers are for cantilever brakes, they will have a different cable pull ratio, and using them with V-brakes will result in poor braking performance.

Front Brake Mounting Location

Bob mentions that his front brakes are mounted behind the front fork. This is the standard and correct mounting position for V-brakes and cantilever brakes. The brake arms pivot outwards from bosses located on the fork legs (or seat stays/chain stays for rear brakes). The question of whether to order a 'rear brake for the front' is an interesting one, but for V-brakes, the left and right arms are typically identical and interchangeable. The only difference might be the cable routing or any integrated noodle adjustments. Therefore, you would usually purchase a 'front' V-brake set and a 'rear' V-brake set, but the actual physical components for the front and rear are often the same, differing primarily in cable length and brake noodle orientation to suit the frame/fork.

The key is to ensure you are purchasing a V-brake (linear-pull) system, not a cantilever brake system, if that’s what his current Deore brakes are. You would then need to match the brake levers to the chosen V-brakes.

Types of Brake Pad Mounting

To further clarify, let's look at common brake pad mounting styles:

As you can see, the 'side mount' is particularly characteristic of V-brakes, allowing for the fine-tuning that contributes to their effective braking.

Benefits of Side Mount Adjustment

The ability to adjust the angle and position of brake pads is paramount for several reasons:

• Optimal Contact: Ensuring the entire braking surface of the pad contacts the rim evenly across its width.
• Reduced Squeal: Adjusting 'toe-in' can prevent the pad from contacting the rim squarely. If the leading edge of the pad touches first, it can help the pad to 'shave' into a better contact angle as it sweeps across the rim, reducing vibration and noise.
• Pad Wear: Proper alignment ensures the pad wears evenly, prolonging its life and maintaining consistent braking performance.
• Clearance: In some setups, precise adjustment can ensure the brake pads clear the tyre and fork legs without rubbing.

Common Issues and Troubleshooting

Even with well-designed systems like V-brakes, issues can arise:

• Squealing: Often caused by glazed pads, misalignment, or contamination. Cleaning the rim and pads, and adjusting toe-in can help.
• Weak Braking: Could be due to worn pads, stretched cables, incorrect cable pull ratio, or misaligned pads.
• Pads Rubbing: Misalignment of the brake arms or the pads themselves can cause constant rubbing against the rim.

When replacing brake pads on a side-mount system, ensure you re-align them carefully after installation. A common procedure involves loosening the side-mount bolt slightly, squeezing the brake lever firmly, and then tightening the bolt while the lever is held. This often helps achieve good initial alignment.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q1: Can I use any brake pad with my V-brakes?
No, you need to use brake pads specifically designed for V-brakes or linear-pull brakes. They have a specific mounting bolt and often a different pad shape compared to caliper or cantilever brake pads.

Q2: My V-brakes are squealing, what can I do?
Try cleaning the rim surface and the brake pads. You can also try to introduce some 'toe-in' by adjusting the angle of the brake pads so the front of the pad hits the rim slightly before the rear. If the problem persists, consider replacing the pads.

Q3: Do I need special levers for V-brakes?
Yes, V-brakes require 'long pull' brake levers, which are typically found on mountain bikes and hybrids. Cantilever brakes use 'short pull' levers, and using the wrong lever with V-brakes will result in very poor braking performance.

Q4: How often should I replace my brake pads?
This depends on riding conditions and usage. Inspect them regularly for wear. When the pad material wears down to the indicator line (if present) or to about 2-3mm thickness, it's time for replacement.

Q5: What does 'side mount' mean for my brake pads?
It refers to the method of attachment where the bolt securing the pad holder to the brake arm enters from the side of the holder, allowing for precise angle and position adjustments.

Conclusion

Understanding the nuances of bicycle braking components, such as the 'side mount' design of V-brake pads, can significantly improve your bike's performance and your riding experience. For Bob and his Thorn Raven Adventure, ensuring compatibility between levers, brake type, and proper mounting is key to a successful upgrade or repair. Whether you're a seasoned mechanic or a casual rider, paying attention to these details can make a world of difference in stopping power and safety.

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